Enzyme lab report Essays

Protein lab report Essays Protein lab report Paper Protein lab report Paper Proteins are impetuses which are compound substances that lessen the measure of actuation vitality required for the response to start. All compounds are for the most part proteins or RNA particles that accelerate metabolic responses and help to separate toxic synthetic substances in the living beings body. A chemical will possibly respond if the compound fits well with the substrate, which is the reason they are like a lock and key. The substrate will tie to the catalyst at the dynamic site and when this happens a slight change looking like the chemical will happen. This difference in shape ties the compound to state of the substrate and afterward debilitates the synthetic obligations of the substrate. At the point when this happens it creates the initiation vitality that is required for a compound response to occur. The protein will possibly tie effectively with the substrate if the natural conditions are exactly as they would prefer. They like to work at room temperature and at the nonpartisan scope of PH. After the response the catalysts are not wrecked or changed and can be reused. Initiation vitality is what is required for some substance responses to happen and for most responses the measure of enactment vitality is high. Grafton 2012) and (Possibilities and Hops 2009) Hypothesis (sees): If outrageous changes in temperature influence the catalyst, at that point bringing down or raising the temperature by sums out of sight typical range will make the chemical capacity inaccurately. On the off chance that outrageous changes to the pH level i nfluence the compound, at that point bringing down or raising the acridity or alkalinity by intense sums will make the chemical not work effectively. Strategies: Get security goggles and put them on. For the ordinary catalane movement originally put some hydrogen peroxide into a spotless test cylinder, and afterward use tweezers to place a little bit of chicken liver in the test tube. At that point push the liver down into the hydrogen peroxide utilizing a mixing pole, and watch the air pockets of oxygen being rented. This warmed up the test tube which was another piece of information that this response was a practicing response. Subsequent to watching this at that point get another spotless test cylinder and hydrogen peroxide in it and include a little bit of liver and watch the response happen in this one as well and radiate a great deal of oxygen rises also. After this, empty the fluid into one more perfect test cylinder and consider what might occur if progressively liver was put in this fluid. Spot the liver into the fluid blend of hydrogen peroxide and liver and the new blend didnt bubble as much similarly as with simply the hydrogen peroxide and one thing of liver. The idea of what might happen while adding progressively liver to the blend was right since it was felt that the blend would cause a littler response and it did. On the off chance that more hydrogen peroxide was, at that point added to the liver from the past advances then there would be an a larger number of gas discharging response than including progressively liver. Test this and the facts previously demonstrated that more hydrogen peroxide would cause a bigger response. This demonstrates compounds, for example, chicken liver are reusable, while the substrates, for example, hydrogen peroxide, are definitely not. Next get four clean test cylinders and put equivalent measures of hydrogen peroxide in ACH and put a little bit of liver in one, a little bit of potato in another, the third a little bit of apple, and to the last one a little bit of carrot. In the wake of putting these in their particular test tubes, record the response pace of every substance in Table 1 and state that potato and liver were the main ones that contained catalane. Next piece of the trial was trying the impact of temperature on catalane. Put a bit of liver into the base of a perfect test cylinder and afterward spread it with a limited quantity of refined water and set the test tube in a bubbling water shower or five minutes, make a point to utilize the test tube holder when taking care of the hot test tube. Foresee that that the bubbling of the liver would not have a major response, in the event that one by any stretch of the imagination. Expel the test tube from the high temp water shower and cool it, at that point spill out the water and included some hydrogen peroxide and see that there was no response, which implied the expectation was right. In the wake of watching this, put equivalent measures of liver into three clean test tubes and poured hydrogen peroxide in three other clean test cylinders and afterward place one of each into an ice shower, room temperature water shower, and high temp water shower. At that point foresee that the boiling water shower and the ice water shower will have the littlest responses since chemicals don't care to tie to their substrates when there are extreme temperature changes. Following three minutes pour each test container of hydrogen peroxide into its particular container of liver and see what occurred. Record the response rates in Table 2, and afterward chart the assessed response rate as an element of temperature on Graph 1 . The expectation was correct in light of the fact that the ice shower one scarcely responded, the heated water one didnt by any stretch of the imagination, and the room temperature had the greatest response. Presume that the ideal temperature or catalane is room temperature. The response for the virus water shower and high temp water shower occurred as it did in light of the fact that proteins won't tie to their substrates when there are exceptional changes to the earth. The last piece of the investigation was trying the impact of pH on catalane. First add hydrogen peroxide to three clean test tubes. The main test tube had some hydrochloric corrosive added to it to get an acidic pH and the subsequent test tube had a littler measure of hydrochloric corrosive added to it than the principal test tube alongside some sodium hydroxide to acquire a nonpartisan PH. At that point the last test tube had mineral sodium hydroxide than the subsequent one and that gave it an essential PH. At that point anticipate what might happen when the catalane response when set in an acidic domain, an impartial situation, and a fundamental domain. Figured the acidic one would have no response, the impartial one would have the most response, and the essential one would have a fairly little response. Next include a little bit of liver to each test cylinder and record the response rates in Table 3, and afterward make a diagram of the response rates on Graph 2. The ideal pH on catalane is impartial. The impact of low pH is no response, nonpartisan pH is a genuinely decent response, and essential H is a little response for protein action, which implies that the forecasts were right. Information and Observations: Table 1: Relative Reaction Rates of Catalane From Various Tissue Types Sample Rate of Enzyme Activity (0-5) Observations of Enzyme Activity Liver 4 Very numerous air pockets; rapidly bubbles and for long time Potato 2 A couple of air pockets, so marginally bubbly Apple No action, so no response Carrot Table 2: Relative Reaction Rates of Liver Catalane as a Function of Temperature co Little response, so scarcely any air pockets Room Temperature A ton of enormous air pockets developing 1 coo No response so there were no air pockets Table 3: Relative Reaction Rates of Liver Catalane as a Function of pH of Sample Acid No air pockets Neutral Quite a couple of air pockets Base A couple of air pockets Results and Discussion: From the tables and charts loaded up with the information I gathered by doing the lab I can make a few determinations about what influences various changes in pH and temperature have on the responses of catalysts. I discovered that proteins work the best when they are kept in their typical scope of temperature and PH. Compounds work the best at room temperature and at a nonpartisan PH. Room temperature is the ideal temperature for catalysts, and I likewise discovered that they like it greater at CO than at ICC. The best pH for chemicals is nonpartisan and the subsequent best is essential and what they don't perform well at is acidic. So I presumed that chemicals don't prefer to work accurately except if they are at their ideal pH levels and temperatures, which is the reason they have to have a genuinely steady condition to work in. This reveals to me that the cells I worked with can possibly work effectively when they are in a steady domain, with a room temperature and a nonpartisan PH. Examination: By breaking down the information I gathered I can make a speculation about the action everything being equal. The speculation can make is that catalysts work all the more effectively when they are in their ordinary scope of temperature and pH, and not when there are radical changes to their surroundings. This image is graciousness of http://WV. . Mortimer. Co. K/proteins/catalysts. HTML First the substrate will tie to the chemical at the dynamic site, and afterward the subsequent stage is that the catalyst will somewhat change shape as the substrate ties to it. After this the compound fits in with the state of the substrate and afterward the items are discharged which is the actuation vitality need to have a synthetic activity and to speed it up. At the point when the warmth created by the response of the protein ca talane and hydrogen peroxide happens in living cells, it radiates the result of enactment vitality. This is required for any compound response to start and the protein makes this to accelerate the pace of response time. The conditions that I tried that eased back down or halted the chemical catalane were the bringing or bringing down up in temperature or being set in an acidic or fundamental area. These conditions brought about the halting or easing back down of the catalane in light of the fact that it was an uncommon change from the chemicals typical condition which made the catalyst and substrate not tie effectively.

Cultural Perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Perspectives - Essay Example Non-white populaces are dependent upon more awful charges, less early discharges, higher conviction rates, and harsher sentences all through the framework. Established revisions have taboo such systematization of separation among whites and non-whites, however differences despite everything exist in numerous social regions. About 20% of individuals in jail or prison or waiting on the post trial process for savage violations have a psychological sickness, yet just about 13% of the all out restorative workforce is suitably prepared guides, clinicians, clinical staff, clerics, or social specialists. In this manner, there is an absence of proper such administrations in rectifications, an inadequacy which will proceed insofar as there are inconsistent methods for assessing clinical viability. Moreover, the absence of such administrations in the network everywhere puts individuals at more serious hazard for practices that ask the examination of the legal framework. In view of the significance of social mindfulness, the examination prescribes certain open strategy changes to address these issues. Not exclusively do The Eight and Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution the lawfully ensure certain arrangements for individuals in guardianship or occupied with fair treatment yet in addition there is a moral basic to give fundamental clinical consideration to imprisoned individuals.

Mass Media Essay Example Essay Example

Broad communications Essay Example Paper Broad communications Essay Introduction Understanding the present reality 1a. What does the term â€Å"the mass media† allude to? †¢ Refers to all media advances which are utilized for mass interchanges. †¢ Organizations which control there media innovations. 1b. Which instances of the broad communications would you order as â€Å"traditional media† and which as â€Å"new media†? †¢ Traditional media o Television o Newspaper o Magazine o Billboards o Radio †¢ New Media o Internet o Mobile gadget o Interactive TV o CD-ROMs o DVDs o Online games 1c. What do you comprehend by the term â€Å"social media†? The methods for connections among individuals wherein they make, offer, and trade data and thoughts in virtual networks and systems. 1d. What may be the reason for the broad communications to various gatherings of individuals? †¢ Bloggers utilizes broad communications to share data and perspectives. †¢ To convey or associate with others all inclusive and to stay in co ntact with companions. †¢ For amusement purposes, for example, watching recordings or messing around. †¢ Businessmen work together on the web and utilize these person to person communication destinations to react to client inquiries. For the legislature to advance their arrangements for the district. †¢ Reporting of most recent news. †¢ Reporting of discoveries or research results done by analysts. 1e. What variables may have offered ascend to the requirement for oversight? †¢ The requirement for the evacuation of materials that are vulgar or ethically sketchy. †¢ To forestall free articulation that may incite defiance and to apply command over the masses, Governments keep down data from their residents. †¢ The need to counter undercover work, keep military knowledge and strategies secret away from adversaries. The distributing of data that depicts one’s business or colleagues in a negative light may make editors in corporate news sources me diate. †¢ There were occurrences in the past where media reports have caused racial mobs and the shedding of blood along these lines the requirement for oversight may not permit such episodes to happen. 1f. What are the worries emerging from an absence of or an abundance of oversight? An absence of oversight †¢ Parents are concerned for the defilement of youngsters (brutality, sexual substance, obscenity). Hostile material (bigotry, sexism, and so on) may surface on the Internet. †¢ May prompt military data being uncovered that could be utilized by adversaries. An abundance of control †¢ It might upset the capacity for certain individuals to uninhibitedly communicate their perspectives and convictions. †¢ Hinders one’s rights to the right to speak freely of discourse. †¢ Citizens are being kept in obscurity from the present issues. 1g. How have new types of media added multifaceted nature to the issue of restriction? †¢ New media advances dy namic majority rule support which expanding oversight would suppress. Restriction in the new media is significantly more a troublesome undertaking contrasted with that of the customary media, as the administration can't control articles being spread in the web based life. †¢ With extra foundation of media, it is hard to oversaw things being appropriately controlled. †¢ Constant expansion of new types of media to the not insignificant rundown of media that previously existed, henceforth the pace of restriction is more slow than the pace of new media surfacing. Perceiving the alternate points of view 2a. How is the precision and unwavering quality of the broad communications seen in various social orders? In underdeveloped nation, their broad communications perhaps exact yet temperamental. o As their innovation isn't excessively cutting-edge; o it requires additional time. o Hence the articles they discharge may have been postponed. Broad communications Essay Body Paragraphs †¢ In industrialized nation, their broad communications might be dependable however mistaken. o Many papers and TV slots reconsider before announcing a story that may be harming to their promoters; o will decide to dodge the story. o Hence it gets erroneous. 2b. Would we be able to confide in the media to report reality? †¢ No, we can't confide in the media. o The media will overstate and even control news to make struggle. To draw in watchers, audience members, and perusers to the media, they just distribute news that is more clients orientated. o Often in the media’s enthusiasm to report struggle, yet to play it up, causing it to appear to be more serious than it truly is. †¢ Yes, we can confide in the media. o Information can be handed-off rapidly in the midst of emergency (e. g. tropical storms or seismic tremors), permit individuals to avoid potential risk and move out of harm’s way. o The media presents applicable photos or recordings that was taken on the wrongdoing scene and such proof can be trusted. 2c. Should control of the media be left exclusively to the administration? †¢ No, control of the media ought not be left exclusively to the administration. o The legislature will spread promulgation in the country. (e. g. North Korea) o Any current wellspring of government controlled media isn't intelligent, which means it is a single direction anticipating media. o By rehashing very similar things again and again on a few channels with just a one-sided go-to people unavoidably become tied up with it. †¢ Yes, control of the media ought to be left exclusively to the administration o Otherwise, hostile to government gatherings can spread their own publicity. By straightforwardly voicing out their disappointment and attempt to change one’s convictions online by recordings. 2d. What is the effect of new media on conventional types of media? †¢ Lesser individuals are utilizing printed materials as they could ge t them on the Internet all the more advantageously. †¢ News can be distributed anyplace at a quicker rate. †¢ People will in general quest for data on the web these days as opposed to looking through books. (openness) †¢ New media is quickly turning out to be standard in the general public as it is additionally intuitive. 2e. Do the broad communications reflect what's going on, all things considered, or do they shape what occurs, in actuality? †¢ Mass media reflect what's going on, all things considered, o By giving pictures of encounters a great many people are probably not going to have (model: the life in jail) shows what’s occurring as a general rule. o The media investigates occasions occurring far and wide day by day. †¢ Mass media shape what occurs, in actuality, o Example: after the assaults of 911 the media gave a tremendous inclusion of the occasion and uncovered Osama blameworthy for the assault as they were told by the specialists. This fo rmed the general sentiment to help the war on errorism, the equivalent occurred with the war on Iraq. o If the media got off base data then the popular conclusion upheld an off-base reason. Looking at the nearby setting 3a. What late improvements in your general public have put the focus on the utilization of the broad communications in Singapore? †¢ 3g openness †¢ Smart telephones †¢ Cultivating the utilization of tablet PCs in schools †¢ More long range interpersonal communication sites †¢ Vastness of the Internet †¢ More electronic devices 3b. What are the methods for restriction in Singapore? †¢ Ratings for movies and recordings o G(General) †Suitable for all ages. PG(Parental Guidance) †Suitable for most yet guardians should control their young. o PG13(Parental Guidance Strongly Cautioned †Suitable for 13 And Above) †Recommended by the CRC in 2009, thePG13rating is given to films with content esteemed inadmissible for small kids yet for which aNC16rating isn't justified. May contain moderate brutality with certain subtleties, some develop topics, extreme and practical awfulness, moderate sexual symbolism, gentle sexual exercises, incomplete/side bareness, attentive medication use/references and moderate coarse language including brief solid utilizations NC16(No Children Under 16) †May contain brief scenes of frontal nakedness with/without semi-sexual setting, moderate sexual action without solid subtleties, realistic viciousness/gore, sedate use with certain subtleties, solid coarse language and may insult strict individuals. (This arrangement was presented in 1993) o M18(Mature 18) †Nobody under age 18 is conceded. May contain full frontal nakedness with moderate subtleties in semi-sexual setting, solid realistic savagery/gore, visit solid coarse language, visit tranquilize use with certain subtleties, solid sexual movement with certain subtleties and may irritate strict individuals. This g rouping was presented in 2004) o R21(Restricted 21) †Nobody under age 21 is conceded. May contain realistic full frontal nakedness with/without sexual setting, groupings of unequivocal and delayed recreated sexual exercises, moderate gay sex acts, unavoidable solid coarse language, solid realistic savagery/blood and torment, nitty gritty medication taking exercises/successions and may irritate strict individuals. (This grouping was presented in 2004) o NAR(Not Allowed for all Ratings/Banned) †Contains issues that are probably going to cause contention in Singapore. Appraisals for computer games o ADV(Age Advisory) †Anyone can purchase a computer game with this rating, yet it’s not prescribed to kids. Contains develop subjects, some savagery with almost no blood, gentle medication use, suggested sexual action, incomplete nakedness and rare unequivocal language. o M18(Mature 18) †Nobody under age 18 can purchase a computer game with this rating. Contains gro wn-up and additionally hostile subjects, reasonable portrayals of viciousness with/without blood, solid medication use, nakedness with/without sexual setting and continuous express language. Gathering political movies (films that are made by any individual and coordinated towards any political end in Singapore) have been prohibited. †¢ Materials going into the house are more vigorously controlled than those going into the corporate world, for example, the news that is accounted for day by day or on printed media. †¢ MDA acquainted shields with forestall spontaneous access and ensure more youthful perusers. 3c. What are the various perspectives and worries with respect to applicati

Rochelle free essay sample

The Kitchen Table Book. From her cordial tone, she is in presenting the numerous parts of the book. She utilizes cures and explicit style the book offers. Her distraction was to get perusers to purchase what she is advancing on the grounds that its bravo to All things considered helping control our cholesterol. for her to convince them she had a well disposed tone yet moves too genuine when conversation the cures. Using explicit phrasing Garner utilize commonand modest to persuade the peruser to purchase the book.Garner endeavors to convince the perusers to purchase The Kitchen Table Book which is loaded up with 1,427 cures. In her letter she utilizes 3 cures that are the most well-known to the individual who perhaps perusing the letter. Her first cure is .. . Apples we utilized were really helping control our cholesterol she bolsters it with a flashback of how when her family would heat crusty fruit-filled treats they were controlling there cholesterol. We will compose a custom paper test on Rochelle or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when she presented the book in the letter she declares the supernatural occurrence drink which would help Battle fragile bone illnesses .. .It additionally battles malignant growth, hypertension and heart sicknesses. In conclusion, Garner clarifies how in the event that you Flip to page 310 to find.. . Items that really murders sicknesses causing microorganisms disposes of shape and mold Even clears out clothing stains. She depicts each cure In the book with total god-send in light of the fact that .. . They are demonstrated to slice your danger of medical procedure, and even visual deficiency! Charlotte tends to the peruser as companion In request to make a warm environment to help her flashbacks, TA an individual memory which shows the peruser her friendliness.Her composing Is exceptionally energetic to help her perusers by Informing them of the various cures are In the book. Words, for example, normal and Inexpensive family unit tells the peruser she Is attempting to help. Toward the end she compose P. S.. . Free and no commitment to purchase blessing was the last endeavor of utilizing her cordiality to persuade her perusers. Taking everything into account she convinces the peruser by quickly discussing whats In the book. She additionally gives the peruser three cure that would convince the peruser of how to forestall those infections. Rockwell By Rockefeller arena which would help Attlee fragile bone maladies It additionally battles disease, high shape and buildup Even clears out clothing stains. She depicts each cure in the Charlotte tends to the peruser as companion so as to make a warm environment to agreeableness. Her composing is energetic to help her perusers by educating them regarding the various cures are in the book. Words, for example, normal and economical family unit tells the peruser she is attempting to help. Toward the end all in all she convinces the peruser by quickly discussing whats in the book.

Characteristics Predict Quality of Relationship †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Examine about the Characteristics Predict Quality of Relationship. Answer: Presentation These days life is extremely quick paced and unpleasant. So as to gain a normalized pay, people battle a great deal. During this procedure, the people understand the way that their reality is a pointless. This is on the grounds that what they get is totally not the same as what they anticipate. By along these lines, the engage perspective is totally pulverized. In any case, means, for example, TV, music, companions, family members, nourishments and pets give the people the genuinely necessary diversion (Burns 2014). This task endeavors to discover the position and commitment of pets into the advanced family. Pets can be of different sorts felines, mutts, fish, and winged animals among others. Every one of these pets can be found in the refined families. Model can be given of the Royal family, where the pets lead preferred way of life over the Queen and the Prince. They have separate sheets, which are produced using cottons. Alongside this, they are given uniquely crafted meals and gone for strolls around the Royal Palace. As an issue of detail, the varieties controlled by Queen are dorgis, whose status is equivalent to the relatives (Tatler.com 2017). Alongside this, elephants have likewise discovered a spot inside the Royal group of Monaco. This is something like the episodes of the fantasy. This is on the grounds that when Princess Stephanie heard that her elephants Nepal and child are going to bite the dust in tuberculosis, she intended to take them to a farm until their recuperation. Alongside this, notice can be made of Princess Eugenie, whose canine had a similar name as her sweetheart, Jack Brooksband. The significant drive behind this dependability, which helped her to embrace this progression (Tatler.com 2017). Infamous yet sweet exercises of Lupo keeps Duke and Duchess of Cambridge connected all through the entire day. These exercises have improved the media nearness of Lupo. Marvin, the hamster has added a sparkle to the illustrious mood of the Royal family. Princess charlotte cherishes the manner in which it stimulates her face. One of fascinating realities about Marvin is that it has its very own Twitter record. Energy of Jack Russell Terriers has made the life of Duchess of cornwall brimming with bliss. She uncovers a protective demeanor being taken care of by Beth and Bluebell, her Battersea hounds (Tatler.com 2017). She got them in an intensified condition, which summoned her nurturing warmth, care, love and consideration. The endowment of Ziggy has made the wedding commemoration of Prince Frederik and Princess Mary a paramount one. From that point forward, Ziggy is getting a VIP treatment in the château of Fredensborg. Her appearance in the Danish magazines has redesigned her status into a national big name. Sorts of breeds and their regal position Pembroke Welsh corgi is a variety, which is abundantly cherished by the Queen of England. Stephanie Smith is of the supposition that these variety started in 1100. The kind disposition of these variety is adaptable enough for including the sparkle in the life of the cutting edge relatives. Henry I was astounded by its dynamic nature and acquired it to his home Flemish (Serpell and Duffy 2014). The variety imparted its experience to its counterparts like cardigan Welsh corgi; despite the fact that cardigan is a lot more youthful than the variety Pembroke. Greyhound is a world well known canine variety. Nobility and greyhound goes one next to the other. Britain has extraordinary commitment in the advancement of this variety. Confirmations underscore on ninth century, when greyhound made its first development. The principle type of this proof is chasing through different games. Alongside this, proof likewise brings up the usage of greyhounds as hustling games in the period of eighteenth century. Energy, delicate nature and friendship are the most significant attributes of this variety, which has enrolled it inside one of the regal varieties. Shih Tzu is one such variety, whose starting point is obscure. Writing and studies call attention to its reference in the artworks of the Tang administration. This variety is considered to have reproduced in Peking through the Chinese court. One of an intriguing reality about Shih Tzu is that it is considered as one of most established and littlest types of the Tibetan Holy Dogs (Serpell and Duffy 2014). The variety has discovered its place as the house pet of Ming tradition. Proof likewise bolsters that Cixi, the Dowager Empresses had a sort of adoration and enthusiasm for Shih Tzu. This is a spoiled pooch, as it needs ordinary prepping of its sumptuous coat. Little, adorable and fun loving nature of the canine has made it a well known fascination among the cutting edge families. The Great Pyrenees was a house pet of French court in the seventeenth century. As an issue of particular, this pooch is labeled as The Big Dog of the Mountains. It is an imperial variety, as it helps the laborers shepherds living in the inclines of the Pyrenees mountains. Its steadfastness and delicate nature guarantees the assurance of the individuals around there (Serpell and Duffy 2014). Pekingese, a Chinese variety, had developed in Chinese craftsmanship particularly in the Tang line of eighth century. It got its name after the Christianization of the city, Peking. The genuine rise of the variety in Europe was the war. English intrusion of the Chinese magnificent royal residence in 1860 was with a significant number of these Pekinese hounds. Flawless nature and unwaveringness makes this variety a lappy hound for current relatives. Coton de Tulear is a variety, which labeled as the Royal pooch of Madagascar. In the period of seventeenth century, the canine was a residential pet of the decision ruler, Melina (Serpell and Duffy 2014). The pet is adaptable enough to diminish the pressure of the cutting edge relatives through its flawlessness and satisfaction. Be that as it may, the individuals consistently need to prep its delicate and thick coat. Japanese jaw is famous among the women of the Imperial Palace, which mirrors its eminence. The variety is utilized as an illustrious blessing from China to Japan, as it is said to delight individuals through its effortlessness. This is probably the best nature of the variety, which can take into account the diversion needs of the cutting edge relatives, following a hard repetitive day. These varieties are shrewd, touchy and fast to learn. This quality is sufficient to decrease the weight of the advanced families, as far as guaranteeing the wellbeing and security of the houses, in their nonattendance (Serpell and Duffy 2014). Bishon Frise, one of the most loved canine varieties among the Spainish individuals, showed up during the rule of Henry, the third. Its quality in the Goya works of art made the variety mainstream among the Italian and Spanish honorability. The wavy white covered canine produces the sentiment of nestle among the individuals, particularly the offspring of the cutting edge relatives. These confirmations assert the way that pets fills the lives of the relatives with delight and satisfaction. Taking into account the past sentence, pets can be considered as a pressure buster for the cutting edge relatives (Serpell and Duffy 2014). Be that as it may, as far as upkeep, keeping pets can be exorbitant, as the food and cleaning materials are over the top expensive. Additionally, one of the relative needs to take the pets for the night strolls, which is outlandish in the event that they are gotten together with their bustling timetables. Keeping this budgetary angle aside, presently the vast majority of the cutting edge relatives are maintaining pets in control to satisfy their diversion needs. Alongside diversion, pets in the cutting edge times are related with wellbeing and security of the house. After the proprietors go out to their work environment, the pets excited sit tight for the arrival of their lords, with the goal that they can play and take a lot of affection (Lim and Rhodes 2016). The subjugation among hound and the bosses in the cutting edge times is solid to such an extent that upon the arrival, they don't leave the experts until he has not snuggled the pet agreeable to its. Here, tiredness is only nothing for the pet, as it needs the ace to take part in play with the pet, rather than accomplishing the workplace work or rest. Considering this action, the pet can be likened with the kid. Organization of the dad is the significant drive behind this condition. This compansionship gives an alternate undert one to the connection among guardians and youngsters (Muldoon, Williams and Lawrence 2015). This kind of servitude furnishes the pets with the truly necessary, care, love and consideration, which they provide for their kids. The pets, after the appropriation are given trainings, so it gets to know the traditions and conventions of the family. These trainings additionally help them to comprehend the idea of their lords, which is significant, as they need to stay faithful to their lords until their final gasp. Diving profound into the connection between the pooch and their lords, the canines build up a well disposed relationship with the infants or the kids. Playing with the kids gives the pet the genuinely necessary love, care and consideration, which the experts give however less (Muldoon, Williams and Lawrence, A., 2015). When there is nobody in the house, the pets are required to guarantee the wellbeing of the house. A large portion of the occasions, the pets develop fruitful in getting the hoodlums. For this, they get acclaims from their lords as bones, their preferred thing. This acclaim makes them progressively faithful to their lords. Survey it from the other viewpoint, pets additionally fulfill the diversion needs of the ladies in the family. As the ladies are enthusiastic towards design, they give numerous popular things a shot their pets, which are primarily female (Hoffman et al. 2013). Run of the mill models here are strips, extravagant dresses, applying cosmetics on its countenances among others. A few young ladies are so energetic and over the top about their pets, that they put them other than and rest. Here, pets are female felines and mutts. One of different advantages of keeping pet mutts is guaranteeing the wellbeing and security of the more established individuals in the house. The nearness of pet pooches lessens the pressures and stresses of the proprietors in regards to the wellbeing of their more established guardians. Investing energy with the pets decreases the dejection of the more established individuals, furnishing them with t

Social media social change The power of hashtags

Social media social change The power of hashtags Social media social change: The power of hashtags Social media social change The power of hashtags Social media social change: The power of hashtags

Commedia and Dualism - Literature Essay Samples

A number of overlying themes have persisted throughout the three canticles of Dantes Commedia. The politically charged and spiritually passionate Florentine elegantly laced into his masterpiece general topics affairs of state, religion, and human nature and expressed them thematically from the deepest trenches of the Inferno to the loftiest celestial bodies of Paradiso. One such theme that has resonated throughout Dantes work is the idea of dualism. Dante focuses on the dual nature of man throughout the Commedia, stressing the idea that he put forth in Monarchy that man alone among created beings is the link between corruptible and incorruptible thing; and thus he is rightly compared by philosophers to the horizon, which is the link between the two hemispheres (91). Dante, as an active member of the Florentine assembly before his exile and as a devout man dedicated to God, also emphasized the synthesis of and struggle between Church and Empire. Dante acknowledged Church and E mpire as two equal and distinct faculties of God manifested in two different forms on earth. This duality of roles is deeply explored and intensely critiqued by Dante throughout the Commedia. Dantes means of expressing the duality of man, Church and state are not always clear; however, his point is quite lucid all mankind is split between the divine and the terrestrial; thus, any creation of man, i.e. the hierarchy of worship and the offices of government, must also represent this duality. Anything that is controlled by man must reflect his internal struggle between corporal and divine.The duality of Church officials is apparent in canto XIX of Inferno. Dante visits the bolgia of the Simonists, people who paid for pardons and positions in the Church. Here, Dante finds the sinners hung from their feet into holes in the ground with flames coming from their soles. Dante approaches the soul that writhes in his torment more than any of his fellows and is licked by a redder flame ( 239), who he finds out is the soul of Pope Nicholas III. Nicholas, when Dante approaches him, cries Standest thou there already, standest thou there already, Boniface? (239). The voice coming up through this fiery hole in the trenches of hell is only surprised by the fact that Boniface has arrived three years before he was expected to do so (Boniface died in 1303). Dante makes it explicit that the fate of the great Pope [is] a thing not so much asserted as determined and beyond question (Sinclair, 244). Nicholas was Bonifaces predecessor in the Church and began the crescendo of iniquity (Sinclair, 244) that characterized the terms of Nicholas, Boniface, and Pope Clement V. Nicholas began the downward spiral of Church moral practice; however, Boniface took the foul practices further. Boniface was a worldly, unscrupulous and powerful ecclesiastic, and incidentally the corrupter of the public life of Florence and the cause of Dantes exile (Sinclair, 244). Thus, when Nicholas tho ught Dante to be Boniface, Dante became like those that stand as if mocked, not comprehending the reply made to them, and know not what to answer (239). It is an interesting contradiction for someone as devout as Dante to be offended when being mistaken for a Pope; however, this is exactly the type of satiric duality that Dante is intending to present. Dante is so much more pious than Pope Boniface, despite the latters prominent position in the Church, that likening the two is an insult to Dante.Dante clearly articulates his feelings on the duality of human nature in Purgatorio, when he puts forth his concept of the Little Simple Soul and how it is compromised in humans. Dante contends, The heavens initiate your impulses To a greater power and to a better nature you, free, are subject, and that creates the mind in you which the heavens have not in their charge (213). Here, Dante is quite explicit about the duality of man in soul and mind. He attests that God gives man the mate rials the impulses of the human consciousness, i.e. the soul, but it is up to mans own free will to allow that soul to guide him in earthly matters. In the following passage, Dante goes further to say From His hand who regards it fondly before it is, comes forth, like a child that sports, tearful and smiling, the little simple soul, that knows nothing, but, moved by a joyful Maker, turns eagerly to what delights it (213). Dantes metaphor is based on desire, a human emotion that is at the base of consciousness, yet he is applying the metaphor to an intangible of the heavens the soul. This subtle duality is clearly intentional because Dante is then poised to enter into a fiery discussion on the natural duality of a specific human Pope Boniface VII.Just as the little simple soul can be compared to a child, the Pope and Emperor can be mirrored as shepherds who direct their children in social and spiritual order (Sinclair, 218). With two equally powerful shepherds, one from the C hurch and one from the State, the little simple soul should be led down the right path. However, when the power becomes unbalanced, thou cants see plainly that ill-guiding is the cause that has made the world wicked (213). Dante has given himself the perfect opportunity to attack the duality of Pope Boniface VII and the direction in which he was taking the Papacy in the late 13th century. Dante had a personal vendetta with Pope Boniface, a man Dante partially blames for his exile, and makes it clear in the Inferno that he blamed the Pope for the corruption that was rampant in the Church. Dante, as a member of the more moderate White Guelph party in Florence, was sent on a mission to Pope Boniface in 1301 to plead that he cease interfering in affairs of the State, especially the Popes latest expansion policy, which Dante explicitly condemned. Back in Florence, however, the papal supremacist Black Guelphs defeated the White Guelphs and, thus, Dante was severely persecuted and sen tenced to exile for his disloyalty to the Pope.The overlying personal duality of Pope Boniface is unique because it is a struggle between the divine and the temporal manifested as a struggle between duty and greed. Pope Boniface, though the Church was his given realm, made himself into a dominant political force that was bent on having all of Italy under his jurisdiction. Pope Bonifaces duality showcased the weakness of human nature and how any human, even one who is expected to be at the pinnacle of his field, cannot be a true representative of divine faculty. Pope Boniface was characteristic of the tragic flaw that is omnipresent in any office held by man.Beyond the personal dualism of one Pope, there was a great deal of institutionary dualism in the Church itself. Strikingly, Pope Adrien V in canto XIX in Purgatorio says, when I was made Roman Shepherd I discovered how lying is life' (XIX: 106-107, p251). The Pope, the veritable spouse of the Church, is the last person who s hould utter such a phrase; however, it was the nature of the corrupt Church to necessitate habitual lying and deceit. In a short soliloquy by Adrien, Dante includes Christs words from the Scriptures, Neque unbent,' which is a reference to the Gospel of Matthew, when Christ said: [In the Resurrection] they neither marry nor are given in marriage' (251). By using the Latin translation, Dante is placing a special emphasis on the phrase; by using the formal language of the Church and not translating the phrase into the vulgari in which he writes, Dante is stressing the unadulterated sincerity of Christs words and the hierarchy of their importance. Dantes words in the Commedia are speculation and largely fictional, and, therefore, are appropriately written in the crude language of the common man. Christs words, on the other hand, are the divine truth and should be treated with greater linguistic reverence. However, they can be used in the context of Dantes vernacular because Christ was divine and human, typifying the juxtaposition of these two natures, which is reflected in Dantes choice of quotation and language. More important than the words, however, are their meanings. In the previous passage, Dante kneels to Pope Adrien to pay him reverence. What cause he said has bent thee down thus? And I said to him: Because of your dignity my conscience stung me, standing erect' (251). Adrien, by referencing Christ in his response, is devaluing his earthly status as spouse of the Church, because, in the resurrection, marriage, like any other such earthly ties, does not transcend into the afterworld. Dante is proving that the status and prestige of earthly Church officials holds no weight beyond the temporal office. Despite the fact that the Church on earth is supposed to be a terrestrial representation of the heavenly, it was at the hands of some very dishonest figures. Pope Adrien even admits that avarice quenched all our love of good so that our labors were v ain,' but, despite his Church rank on earth, in Purgatory now, as thou seest, I am here punished for [avariciousness] so justice here holds us fast, seized and bound in feet and hands, and as long as it shall please the righteous Lord so long shall we stay motionless and outstretched' (251). Dante makes the important moral point that the justice of the Lord is inescapable and is based on personal conduct, not on artificial titles. The Church was an imperfect establishment because its mission to serve God and spread the Word of the Lord on earth was tainted by power-hungry and selfish clergy members. This dualism of the Church was recognized and satirized by Dante, who, through his use of Pope Adrien V, made a strong argument for divine justice.Dante continues with the theme of duality in reference to Rome, the center of the Empire. In Paradiso, Dante encounters Justinian, the first Christian Emperor, who identifies himself as I was Caesar and am Justinian (87). This simple but striking duality is indicative of the broader attitude of Dante concerning Rome as a link between paradise and the world. When Dante enters the sphere of Mercury in Canto V, directly before he is introduced to Justinian, Beatrice tells Dante Speak, speak with confidence, and trust them even as gods.' (81). Implicitly, Dante is stressing the divine authority of the Empire that Justinian is to speak, of Gods making, through its victorious history, of an earthly order in which men may find their public justice and peace (Sinclair, 95). Dante is putting forth his idea that the glory of the Empire is a direct reflection of Gods divine plan for mankind. In the opening of canto VI in Purgatorio, Dante references Emperor Constantine and his moving of the seat of the Empire from Rome to Constantinople in the following manner: After Constantine turned back the Eagle against the course of heaven which it had followed behind him of old that took Lavinia to wife (87). The Eagle is a common metaphor for God that Dante uses often throughout the Commedia; thus, turning the Eagle against heaven is an explicit commentary on Dantes disapproval for Constantines attempted movement of the center of the Empire. The remainder of the passage, him of old that took Lavinia to wife, is a reference to Aeneas, the divinely directed founder of Rome. Dante clearly objects to the attempted move because he believes that Rome was chosen by God to be the center of the great Empire. Overall, the dualism of the Holy Roman Empire is accentuated throughout these early cantos in Purgatorio; Dante uses a Christian Emperor as his mouthpiece for this canto as a means of propagating his belief that the Empire, though it has a secular purpose, is of divine origin.Like the earthly Church and like the little simple soul at the base of humanity, the Empire is a necessary element of ordered life. Dante related Roman Law to the chosen people of Palestine in that both groups were divinely temporal. Ac cordingly, this idea complements Virgils Aeneid, in that it stresses the Godly origins of Rome. Thus, the Emperor was an almost sacerdotal figure, who had been anointed by the grace of God to rule over the Christian people and to guide and protect the world (Sinclair, 98). Dante even goes so far as to liken the Roman emperor to Christ when Beatrice, in Purgatorio, says, Here thou shalt be a little while a forester, and shalt be with me forever a citizen of that Rome of which Christ is Roman' (423). This passage follows the conclusion of the pageant, when the participants gathered around the great tree a symbol for the natural law under which Adam and Eve were to live, the ordinance to which they were freely to consent, in a word, their righteousness (Sinclair, 430). Sinclair argues that this righteousness is manifested on earth as unity under one Empire; thus, all people are connected under the Empire through their innate sense of righteousness that was imprinted upon them by G od. In this manner, Dante indirectly addresses the dual nature of Christ to be man and divine. Dante, in Paradiso, puts forth the idea that the Empire and the heavens are eternally linked because Christ, by becoming man, acknowledged the authority of the Empire (Sinclair, 114) and represented the perfected human order of Church and Empire (Sinclair, 430). However, just as Dante proved with his commentary on Pope Boniface and the Church, any office of man is imperfect. The Empire, though subject to great praise by Dante, was the source of great antagonizing. The crucifixion of Christ, done at the hand of the Empire, is proof that the Empire of man is a flawed system; however, had the Empire not crucified Him, would there have been the Resurrection to save us from our sins? Fittingly, Beatrice, in canto VII of Paradiso, discusses redemption with Dante, stressing the nature that was separated from its Maker He united with Himself in His own person by sole act of His Eternal Lov e. Now direct thy sight on what follows from that. This nature, thus united to its Maker, was pure and good, even as it was created; yet in itself, by its own act, it was banned from Paradise because it turned aside from the way of truth and from its life (105). Dante presents an empirical conundrum that he cannot solve; instead, he looks to Beatrice and her divine wisdom. Beatrice relates the flaws of the Empire back to the flaws of man, proving once again that the duality of the Empires conflicting origin and actions are a result of it being an agency of man.Dante, in his Commedia, was not shy about passing his judgment on contemporary people and their roles in earthly offices. However, Dante also recognized that duality among men is universal due to the fact that it is of the exact nature of man to try to synthesize their lives and spirits, which can seem quite incompatible at times. Dante saw this dual nature as so essential to man and to everything which man creates becau se it is a distinguishing factor of earthly office that is representative of the fall of humanity and why man cannot achieve the perfection of the Christ.

Western Civilization QA - 1052 Words

Western Civ. Test 2 take home C) First and Second Triumvirates A Triumvirate is a political alliance involving three rulers, who divide the land and power among each other. The first Triumvirate involved Pompey; who was a popular general who crushed the Spanish Revolt. The second was Crassus; he was a wealthy noble with a lot of ambition and was very ruthless. Crassus owned all the fire stations in Rome, when a person needed his services he would let the fire burn until he was paid a sum of money to his likings. Crassus was unsuccessful in his military pursuits. The third was Julius Caesar; he was also a wealthy noble. He was very popular with the lower class. For a short period Caesar was the Governor of Spain, when he returned he was†¦show more content†¦He taught equality, which was very popular among the lower class. The Roman governments strongly opposed his teachings because he was gaining a strong influence over the lower and middle class, this was becoming detrimental to the Roman Empire. Pontius Pilot ordered for Jesus to be cr ucified to support peace. After his death, followers of Jesus created what is known today as the â€Å"church†. Another way that spread Christianity was the practice of Evangelism; created by Paul, one of Jesus’ followers, which is spreading the word of God and Jesus’ teachings. Paul was the universal voice for Christians. Paul also spread his teachings to Gentiles, who are non-Jews. These strategies helped spread Christianity quickly, and among more groups of people. One of the most significant events in spreading Christianity was at a Jewish festival in Jerusalem, this event contained many people from around the world, this was a great opportunity to help spread the word of Christianity. Christianity struggled for acceptance among the Roman Government. They were essentially ignored, being barred from offices and politics. By the third century Christianity had settled in Italy and Judea. Many Roman rulers persecuted Christians, under Diocletian they werenâ€⠄¢t even considered human, and outlawed from the Roman Empire. Diocletian claimed Christians as reprehensible for the fall of the Roman Empire. When Diocletian retired, Constantine tookShow MoreRelatedAncient Greece : A True Civilization1507 Words   |  7 PagesClassical Greece A True Civilization Joshua Soifer and Remy Dunn Eurasian History Mr. Yamada October 6 2017 As the politician and bishop Stephen Gardiner once claimed, â€Å"The center of Western culture is Greece, and we have never lost our ties with the architectural concepts of that ancient civilization†. In many ways, through their academic pursuits, philosophical ideologies, or advanced trade systems, Ancient Greek culture has proven to be the foundation for Western culture. 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The Political Divisions Of The United States - 1507 Words

The main political divisions in the United States are into two parties - the Republicans and the Democrats. A recent Pew Research study (Dimock et al. 2014) noticed a growth in ideological consistency within the parties, with the overlap in conservativeness and liberality shrinking between 1994 and 2014. This polarization of political views could have many effects on the politics of the nation - both in the upcoming (2016) presidential election and societal developments in the future. Polarization in political views, while not bad in and of itself, can hinder the actions of the nation as the two sides staunchly bicker over who’s right instead of working together toward an actionable solution. Lack of unified national strategy hamstrings†¦show more content†¦If increased polarization is associated with a decrease in confidence in the nation’s government, this could indicate at least one undesirable situation that should be changed. Revising the way our government is elected could increase satisfaction, especially if this also attenuated the spread of polarization. To see if extreme political views are associated with either satisfaction or a sense of the governments disfunctionality, I turned to the General Social Survey. Produced by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, the survey covers many social topics including a general self-assessment of political views, and confidence in societal institutions. This survey randomly sampled adults across the United States and collected the information by in-person interviews, each interview in a given year producing a single case. The GSS has been surveying since 1972, but we will only be using data from 1994-2012 so we can compare each year’s results to the already identified trend of polarization. I looked for correlations between people who self described their political views as extreme and other variables in the dataset pertaining to confidence in federal institutions. Since the data from the GSS is a preexisting survey, this is an observational study, not an experiment. Conclusions from this study can be generalized to the US population at large, but there is a very strong volunteer bias attached to relying on a

The Period Of Medieval Japan - 2803 Words

The long, battle-weary, four hundred year period from the late twelfth century through the Kamakura period (1185-1333), Muromachi period (1336-1573), and well into the sixteenth century is referred to as Japan’s medieval period. The imperial government’s authority was deteriorating, the provinces were in chaos as warrior clans fought amongst themselves, and regional military chieftains challenged the imperial government for the right to rule. Medieval Japan saw the development of feudalism and a militaristic society led by samurai clans. The Gempei War, Shokyu War, Mongol Invasions, Kemmu Restoration, and The Onin War are five key turning points in Japan’s transition from a centralized imperial government to feudalism. These conflicts also demonstrate the evolution of the samurai ethos. Though the Kamakura period marked the beginning of warrior class rule in Japan, events in the late Heian period provided the means for samurai clans to rise to positions of power. The increase in the number and size of shoen (private estates exempt from government taxation) resulted in a significant decline of the imperial government’s authority. â€Å"By the twelfth century, it was estimated that only about one-tenth of land remained in the public domain under the authority of the provincial governors.† (Hane Perez p. 76) The lack of taxable land prevented the government from acquiring the financial resources necessary to maintain a national military. As the central government’s militaryShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Medieval Japan And Medieval Europe812 Words   |  4 PagesComparison Essay- Shogunate Japan and Medieval Europe When people think of â€Å"Medieval†, they often relate this to Europe. However, there was once a Medieval Japan too, and this time stretched from 1185-1868 CE. During this period, Shoguns ruled Japan, and they defined it as â€Å"Medieval† because, just like Europe society in Japan at this time was feudal in structure. Medieval Europe lasted from the 5th to the 15th century, and was often referred to as Christendom, because most civilians were ChristiansRead MoreReligion and Economy in Medieval Europe and Japan1305 Words   |  6 PagesReligion and Economy in Medieval Europe and Japan Social Hierarchy after Urbanization Religion did not have as much of an impact on daily life and the overall development of Japan as it did Europe. For instance the maximum of the wars were fought for wealth or power, not religion, but what it did do was influence certain features. The people in Japan stuck to their original Shinto religion when Buddhism was involuntary forced on them, b ut soon after they discovered Zen Buddhism; a practice that wasRead MoreEssay on Japanese Martial Arts1263 Words   |  6 PagesJapanese Martial Arts In Japan, especially during the earlier periods of Japanese history such as the Tokugawa, physical adeptness was much revered and valued. This was mainly because of the fact that these strengths were the basis on which much of the population depended upon for survival during these fairly turbulent periods. Throughout time, Japan has been a very organized and scrupulous society, and even its style of physical combat has been sorted into specific categories accordingRead MoreThe Image of Medieval Western Europe Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesThe image of medieval western Europe can be attributed to political, religious, economic, and cultural factors. The impulse of expansion, unity under Christianity, trade, and education were key developments within the factors. Ultimetly, these developments contributed to the advancement of medieval western Europe in the postclassical period. The medieval government in western Europe exercised feudalism which also established the structure of political powers. Kings held the most authority whileRead MoreReflection of Modern East Asia887 Words   |  4 Pagesregion. In subsequent classes, we were introduced to the major wars, political shifts, and economic interests which shaped Japan, China and Korea to what they are today. We examined the paradigm of pre-modern Japanese governance, the Shogunate, and the trained warriors which defended lord and land, Samurai. In addition, we examined the socio-economic classes of Medieval Japan, which included the Samurai, peasants, craftsmen, and the merchants. We also examined pre-1945 Japan’s policies toward foreignRead MoreThe Poetry of Tosa Nikki and Oku No Hosomichi Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesThe origins of kiko, or travel literature, in Japan spans to well over 1000 years ago. One of the earliest examples of kiko is Ki no Tsurayuki’s Tosa nikki, a diary which Tsurayuki wrote most likely in 935 during the Heian period of Japan. Another important example of kiko, which is similar in ways yet also very dissimilar to Ki no Tsurayuki’s Tosa nikki, due in part to the many years that the two are separated by in terms of when they were composed, is Matsuo Basho’s Oku no hosomichi, or NarrowRead MoreBook Exploration of State of War: The Violent Order of Fourteenth Century Japan by Thomas Donald Conlan 1229 Words   |  5 PagesBook Exploration State of War: The Violent Order of Fourteenth Century Japan by Thomas Donald Conlan tracks the events in Japan between 1336 and 1392. Conlan provides his wisdom on how state and society operated in the Nanbokucho period through various source documents portraying the warriors not by their romanticized â€Å"knights of the round table† ideal, but rather showing that while there were alliances of connivence, they could be broken just as easily as they were made, revealing that pragmatismRead MoreInfluence of the Samurai on Modern Japanese Society Essay1730 Words   |  7 Pagesconstantly in today’s society. However, none of these groups is more known or referenced than the Japanese Samurai. Originating in 646 AD, these Japanese warriors developed from a loose organization of farmers to the dominant social class in Feudal Japan. Along with their dominant military and political standing, the samurai brought with them a unique code or moral belief that became the core of Samurai culture. 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The Moral View Of Homosexuality - 1708 Words

The argument of homosexuality being considered moral or immoral has been an argument for as long as humans have been in existence. This argument has been viewed by philological experts and people all over the world for centuries and it continues to be a major argument today. The moral view of homosexuality has many arguments, but the arguments that are going to be mentioned are the normative ethics argument, the argument on why the moral law is true when it comes to homosexuality, and why homosexuality should be viewed immoral in today’s world. The normative ethics argument against gay marriage states how one should act morally speaking when it comes to homosexuality. Most traditional moral theories rest on principles that determine†¦show more content†¦The also denies a child a father or mother if they have homosexual parents. It is said that it is best for a child to be raised under a father and a mother. â€Å"A child of a same-sex marriage will always be without his natural mother or father, which implies that the child would be raised by someone who has no blood relation to them (The Effects of Gay Marriage). The child would be without a mother or father role model in their life. A child without a father or mother role model in their life are more likely to not have a successful or fulfilling life because they will not the right leadership traits to help them get through life. A good example of this is the all the stories that are put out there about the people who grow up with no father figure so it leads them to trouble paths because they have no one to lead them in the right direction. It is important for a child to have a loving mother and father because that is the key to having a successful child hood because the mother and father figure in your life with help contribute greatly to how you grow up and the future decisions that are made as an adult. Another argument against homosexual marriage is the ability to reproduce. There are ma ny arguments on the idea of homosexuality and reproduction. One of the main arguments is, â€Å"Since old peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrine Of The Existence Of God1470 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most prevalent arguments for the existence of God is the moral argument. It states that God alone makes sense of moral values, and since moral values exist, then God exists. A great number of people nowadays, including atheists and agnostics, trust in moral values. However, they do not agree with the Christian answer to provide a basis for those values. For many years homosexuality has been a debate over acceptance but has been for the most part considered an immoral act based on religiousRead MoreUnnatural Offences : Section 377 Of Ipc Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pagesintercourse under Section 377 IPC. 3.3 Consensual Adult Homosexuality In a country like India with close knit social relations and high moral standards, it appears that we are inclined to think that Indian society, by and large, disapproves of homosexuality and this disapproval is strong enough to justify it being treated as a criminal offence even where adults indulge in private. In the year 2008, the demand for decriminalizing Consensual Homosexuality was triggered. Gays, lesbians and their activistsRead MoreIs Feminism a Harmful Ideology Essay1529 Words   |  7 PagesHarmful Ideology? I believe that the two central moral issues to this debate are as follows : (1) Is it immoral to infringe upon individual liberty (even if some other good can come of it)? 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Iga Nephropathy In Kuwait Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(147) " Evaluation of nephritic biopsy slides was performed harmonizing to the Hass categorization of IgA nephropathy \( 8 \) showed ; 25 patients \( 36\." Methods: From all nephritic biopsies done between January 2000 and December 2004 in Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital, instances of IgA kidney diseases were selected and their medical records every bit good as biopsy findings were reviewed. Consequences: Eighty patients ( 9.2 % of all native kidney biopsies ) were diagnosed to hold IgA nephropathy. We will write a custom essay sample on Iga Nephropathy In Kuwait Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sixty nine biopsies were included in the survey and eleven were excluded because of presence of any of the exclusion standards or losing clinical informations. Forty three ( 62.3 % ) instances were males, and 26 ( 37.7 ) instances were females. Fifty instances ( 72.5 % ) were below the age of 40 old ages. Average continuance of follow up was 3.6 ±1.3 old ages. The first presentation included nephrotic scope albuminuria ( 49.3 % ) , and nephritic damage ( 50.7 % ) . During the follow up period, 56 ( 81.2 % ) were stable or improved. Hass categorization of biopsies showed ; 36.2 % had Class I, 27.5 % had category II, 13.0 % had category III, 5.8 % had category IV, and 17.4 % had category V IgAN. Females had milder signifiers of the disease than males. Macroscopic haematuria and nephritic damage at presentation were seen more in patients with category IV and V. The presenting serum creatinine and uric acid were higher in those with Hass categories III to V. Deterioration of nephritic map during the follow up period was more important in presence of high blood pressure, nephritic damage and macroscopic haematuria at clip of biopsy. Decision: The incidence of IgAN in Kuwait is approximately 9.2 % . Nephritic damage at presentation and macroscopic haematurias were seen in patients with more aggressive nephritic lesions and property to hapless result. Cardinal words: Proteinuria, IgA nephropathy, nephritic Biopsy, Hass categorization Introduction IgA kidney disease ( IgAN ) was first described in 1968 by Berger and Hinglais. ( 1 ) It is now recognized as the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. ( 2 ) It presents with haematurias and frequently proteinuria. Although a moderate grade of albuminuria is common in patients with IgAN, nephrotic syndrome is considered uncommon in these patients. ( 3 ) The class of IgAN is variable, and 15 % -40 % of patients progress to end-stage nephritic disease over 10-20 old ages. ( 4 ) The pathogenesis of IgAN is complex and non wholly understood. Both environmental and familial factors have been found to be involved in the disease oncoming and patterned advance. ( 4,5 ) Humoral unsusceptibility is believed to play an of import function, characterized by the prevailing mesangial IgA1 deposition and associated secondary inflammatory response. ( 5 ) Curative attempts have been directed at either cut downing or forestalling antigen entry, and changing the unnatural immune response and its effects. However, the appropriate therapy for IgAN remains unsure and healing therapy is still non available. ( 6,7 ) The purpose of this survey was to reexamine instances of IgAN in Mubarak Al kabeer Hospital- Kuwait between January 2000 and December 2004, and to analyze the spectrum of clinical presentation and histopathological findings Method All nephritic biopsies performed in Mubarak Al kabeer Hospital from January 2000 to December 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Biopsies performed on grownup patients with IgAN were selected and reviewed. Patients were excluded from the survey if clinical or serologic grounds of Henoch Schonelin peliosis, collagen vascular diseases, liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, or other kidney diseases were present. Kidney transplant instances were besides excluded from the survey. Clinical and research lab informations at presentation and during the follow up period and the intervention given were obtained by careful retrospective survey of the infirmary records of each patient. The histopathology glass slides were reviewed and the pathology studies were retrieved from the section of pathology computerized filing system. Each kidney biopsy was prepared by cutting paraffin blocks at 3 um subdivisions and staining 2 slides with peroidic acid schiff, 2 slides for Hematoxylin and Eosin, 1 slide for Jones Methenamine splinter and one slide for trichrome. Immunoperoxidase staining was besides performed routinely on all slides for IgG, IgA, IgM and C3. Antibodies were from Dako and titration was performed harmonizing to the cusps with the antibody phials. Electron microscopy ( EM ) was non routinely done on all instances in the establishment, nevertheless, on selected instances EM was performed and the movies were retrieved and reviewed along with the EM study. Statistical methods: ISSN 1110-0834Numerical variables are expressed as Mean  ± SD. The relation within and between the clinical and the histopathological variables were obtained utilizing ?2 trial or Fisher ‘s exact chance trial for categorical variables and nonparametric Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis trials for uninterrupted variables. P A ; lt ; 0.05 was considered as statistically important. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing SPSS for Windowss version 16 ( SPSS, Inc, Chicago, IL ) Consequence A entire figure of 1575 nephritic biopsies were performed in the institute during the 5 old ages study period. Eight hundred 70 one biopsies were performed on native kidneys, and 704 were performed on transplanted kidneys. Eighty patients ( stand foring 9.2 % of the native kidney biopsies, 5.1 % of the entire biopsies ) were found to hold IgA nephropathy harmonizing to the biopsy consequences. Eleven patients were excluded from the survey because of losing informations or the presence of any of the exclusion standards. Sixty nine patients were enrolled in the survey. Forty three ( 62.3 % ) were males and 26 ( 37.7 % ) were females. The average age at presentation was 35.52 ±10.13 old ages. Fifty patients ( 72.5 % ) were below age of 40 old ages and 19 ( 27.5 % ) were ? 40 old ages. Average continuance of follow up was 3.6 ±1.3 old ages. Cases were presented by either microscopic ( 82.6 % ) or macroscopic haematurias ( 17.4 % ) . Nephrotic scope albuminuria was seen in 34 ( 49.3 % ) instances while non-nephrotic albuminuria was detected in 35 ( 50.7 % ) instances. High blood pressure was detected in 35 ( 50.7 % ) of instances and nephritic damage was detected in 35 ( 50.7 % ) of instances. Fifty Six ( 81.2 % ) were stable or improved during the follow up period. Serum IgA, C3, and C4 degrees were all within the normal mention scope. Patient clinical and laboratory informations were mentioned in tabular array I. Evaluation of nephritic biopsy slides was performed harmonizing to the Hass categorization of IgA nephropathy ( 8 ) showed ; 25 patients ( 36.2 % ) had Class I IgAN, 19 ( 27.5 % ) had category II IgAN, 9 ( 13.0 % ) had category III, 4 patient ( 5.8 % ) had category IV, and 12 patients ( 17.4 % ) had category V IgAN. ( table II ) ( fig 1, 2 ) Seven ( 10.4 % ) patients were treated with methyl Pediapred pulsation for crescentic lesions, 41 patients ( 59.4 % ) treated with unwritten steroids, 10 ( 14.5 % ) received mycophenolate mofetile or Imuran, 18 patients ( 26.1 % ) received cyclosporine, and 58 patients ( 84.1 % ) treated with angiotonin change overing enzyme inhibitors or angiotonin receptor blockers. Fish oil was given as an accessory therapy in 46 ( 66.7 % ) instances. Females had milder histological signifier of the disease ( category I ) whereas males tended to hold more aggressive signifiers ( category IV and V ) ( P A ; lt ; 0.05 ) . No relation was found between the Hass categorization and any of the age at presentation, high blood pressure, presence of hydrops or the degree of albuminuria ( P A ; gt ; 0.05 ) . Macroscopic haematuria was seen more in category IV ( 75 % ) and category V ( 25 % ) than category I ( 8 % ) ( P A ; lt ; 0.05 ) . Nephritic damage at presentation was seen more in patients with category IV ( 75 % ) and category V ( 91 % ) than category I ( 28 % ) ( P A ; lt ; 0.001 ) . The showing serum creatinine and uric acid were higher in those with Hass categories III to V than category I and II ( P A ; lt ; 0.001, A ; lt ; 0.05 severally ) . ( table III ) Deterioration of nephritic map during the follow up period was more important in presence of high blood pressure, nephritic damage at clip of biopsy, and macroscopic haematuria ( P A ; lt ; 0.05 ) whereas the showing degree of albuminuria, age, gender, and Hass categorization had a non important consequence on the impairment of kidney maps ( P A ; gt ; 0.05 ) . The higher the showing serum creatinine the more the impairment of nephritic map during the follow up period ( P A ; lt ; 0.05 ) . ( table IV ) Fig. 1: A instance of crescentic IgA kidney disease. Mesangial enlargement with a cellular crescent. PAS x 400 Fig. 2: Immunoperoxidase staining shows a outstanding Mesangial form. IgA immunoperoxidase x 400 Table I: Clinical and laboratory informations of patients holding IgA nephropathy ( n=69 ) Age in old ages ( mean ±SD ) 35.52 ±10.13 Gender ( male ) N ( % ) 43 ( 62.3 ) Smoking N ( % ) 17 ( 24.6 ) Hypertension N ( % ) 35 ( 50.7 ) Hematuria N ( % ) Microscopic Macroscopic 57 ( 82.6 ) 12 ( 17.4 ) Proteinuria N ( % ) Nephrotic scope Non- Nephrotic scope 34 ( 49.3 ) 35 ( 50.7 ) Serum creatinine  µmol/l ( mean ±SD ) 162.97 ±148.1 Creatinine clearance ml/min/1.73m2 ( average  ± SD ) 48.2 ±37.1 Nephritic damage N ( % ) 35 ( 50.7 ) Serum albumen gm/l ( mean ±SD ) 31.33  ±7.08 Serum Cholesterol mmol/l ( mean ±SD ) 5.65 ±1.9 Serum Triglycerides mmol/l ( mean ±SD ) 1.96 ±1.1 Serum IgA degree gm/l ( mean ±SD ) 2.69 ±1.0 Serum C3 degree gm/l ( mean ±SD ) 1.04 ± 0.15 Serum C4 degree gm/l ( mean ±SD ) 0.94 ±0.12 Edema N ( % ) 30 ( 43.5 ) Treatment given N ( % ) Methyl Pediapred pulsation Angiotensin change overing enzyme inhibitors Oral Steroids Azathioprine Cyclosporine Fish oil 7 ( 10.1 ) 58 ( 84.1 ) 41 ( 59.4 ) 10 ( 14.5 ) 18 ( 26.1 ) 46 ( 66.7 ) Duration of follow up ( mean ±SD ) old ages 3.6 ±1.3 Prognosis N ( % ) Stable / Improved Deterioration of nephritic maps 56 ( 81.2 ) 13 ( 18.8 ) Table II: Histoathological spectrum of nephritic biopsy consequences harmonizing to Hass categorization among IgA N patients ( n=69 ) Hass Classification Number ( % ) Class I 25 ( 36.2 ) Class II 19 ( 27.5 ) Class III 9 ( 13.0 ) Class IV 4 ( 5.8 ) Class V 12 ( 17.4 ) Table Three: Relation between clinical presentation and Hass categorization ( n=69 ) Clinical and research lab informations Hass Classification Trial of significance P value Class I N ( % ) Class II N ( % ) Class III N ( % ) Class IV N ( % ) Class V N ( % ) Gender Male Female 12 ( 48 ) 13 ( 52 ) 10 ( 52.6 ) 9 ( 47.4 ) 7 ( 77.8 ) 2 ( 22.2 ) 3 ( 75 ) 1 ( 25 ) 11 ( 91.7 ) 1 ( 8.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.05* Age at presentation A ; lt ; 40 old ages A ; gt ; 40 old ages 20 ( 80 ) 5 ( 20 ) 9 ( 47.4 ) 10 ( 52.6 ) 8 ( 88.9 ) 1 ( 11.1 ) 3 ( 75 ) 1 ( 25 ) 10 ( 88.3 ) 2 ( 11.7 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 High blood pressure 11 ( 44 ) 9 ( 47 ) 4 ( 44.4 ) 3 ( 75 ) 8 ( 66 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 Edema 13 ( 52 ) 6 ( 31.6 ) 5 ( 55.6 ) 2 ( 50 ) 4 ( 33.3 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 Nephrotic scope Proteinuria 12 ( 48 ) 6 ( 31 ) 5 ( 55.6 ) 3 ( 75 ) 8 ( 66.7 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 Macroscopic haematuria 2 ( 8 ) 4 ( 21 ) 0 ( 0 % ) 3 ( 75 ) 3 ( 25 ) A ; lt ; 0.01* Nephritic damage 7 ( 28 ) 8 ( 42.1 ) 6 ( 16.7 ) 3 ( 75 ) 11 ( 91.7 ) A ; lt ; 0.001* Showing serum Creatinine  µmol/l 84.4 ±31.7 171.3 ±179.6 203.2 ±198.7 288.5 ±84.5 278.5 ±140.1 A ; lt ; 0.001* Serum Uric acid mmol/l 312.6 ±71.8 381.4 ±171.3 428.2 ±20.3 459.5 ±188 412 ±143.9 A ; lt ; 0.01* Table Four: Factors finding deterioration of the kidney map during the follow up Period ( n=69 ) Clinical and research lab informations Deterioration of kidney map Trial of significance P value Yes n ( % ) No n ( % ) Gender male female 11 ( 25.6 ) 2 ( 7.7 ) 32 ( 74.4 ) 24 ( 92.3 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 Age A ; lt ; 40 old ages A ; gt ; 40 old ages 11 ( 22 ) 2 ( 10.5 ) 39 ( 78 ) 17 ( 89.5 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 High blood pressure Yes No 10 ( 28.6 ) 3 ( 8.8 ) 25 ( 71.4 ) 31 ( 91.2 ) A ; lt ; 0.05* Hematurias Microscopic Macroscopic 8 ( 14 ) 5 ( 41.7 ) 49 ( 86 ) 7 ( 58.3 ) A ; lt ; 0.05* Albuminurias Non-Nephrotic scope Nephrotic scope 5 ( 14.3 ) 8 ( 23.5 ) 30 ( 85.7 ) 26 ( 76.5 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 Nephritic damage at presentation Yes No 10 ( 28.6 ) 3 ( 8.8 ) 25 ( 71.4 ) 31 ( 91.2 ) A ; lt ; 0.05* Edema Yes No 6 ( 20 ) 7 ( 17.9 ) 24 ( 80 ) 32 ( 82 ) A ; gt ; 0.05 Discussion Many studies of glomerulonephritis associated with mesangial IgA sedimentations have been published since the original study of IgAN by Berger and Hinglais. The evident incidence of this upset has varied in surveies from different states. In France, ( 9 ) Spain, ( 10 ) Japan, ( 11 ) and Italy ( 12 ) the incidence has ranged from 11.7 to 43.3 % of nephritic biopsies. Much lower incidences have been reported in the United provinces, ( 13 ) England, ( 14 ) and Canada ( 15 ) with the incidence runing from 2.0 to 8.5 % in these states. Berger ( 16 ) suggested that the higher reported incidence of this disease in certain states compared to others may reflect the pattern of everyday one-year uranalysis in the states with high incidence rates. To the best of our Knowledge this is the first survey from the Arab states showing the incidence of IgAN. We reported the incidence to be 9.2 % of native kidney biopsies in Kuwait. Since the original description of IgAN, a figure of surveies have attempted to correlate initial clinical and pathological findings with the subsequent class of the disease. The present survey was in conformity with the old surveies in demoing that females had milder pathologic alterations whereas males were shown to hold more aggressive signifiers. ( 17 ) There is a distinguishable geographical difference in the incidence of macroscopic haematuria in grownup patients. ( 18 ) In European states the reported incidence exceeded 50 % , ( 19,20 ) whereas in Japan, the incidence scope was from 15 to 31 % ( 21,22 ) This difference in distribution can be attributed to difference in the disease nature that could be linked to familial factors. ( 19 ) The predictive significance of macroscopic haematuria was controversial. In the present survey macroscopic haematuria was detected in 17.2 % of instances and found to be associated with aggressive histologic findings and correlatives with hapless forecast. This confirmed the consequences of the South West Pediatric Nephrology Study Group. ( 17 ) Furthermore, Bennet and Kinciad-Smith ( 23 ) reported that nephritic map became significantly worse in those with macroscopic haematurias, and emphasized the high incidence of crescent formation in these instances. However, Clarkson et Al. ( 24 ) demonstrated that nephritic map and lesions were significantly better in patients with macroscopic haematurias than those without it. In our survey nephritic damage at presentation was seen more in patients with category IV and category than category I. Correlation between more extended pathologic characteristics and terrible clinical manifestation were besides documented by Hass et Al. ( 25 ) The presenting serum uric acid correlated with the diseased findings with higher degrees in those with Hass categories III to V than category I and II. This confirmed the consequences of Myllimaki et Al. ( 26 ) who proved a strong correlativity between serum uric acid degree and badness of nephritic harm on biopsy. The overall forecast of IgA N remains to be confirmed. In grownup surveies the incidence of nephritic inadequacy varies from less than 10 % to 48 % in patients followed for more than 1 twelvemonth. ( 27 ) The present survey is in conformity with this consequence as nephritic inadequacy was seen in 18.8 % of instances. Bartosik et Al. ( 28 ) proved that the clinical parametric quantities, such as high blood pressure and badness of albuminuria appear to be stronger predictive indexs than histological findings. Furthermore, Van Der Peer et Al. ( 29 ) found that those with more high blood pressure, more albuminurias, and more pronounced histologic findings deteriorate their nephritic map more during follow up. Other survey showed that females and younger patients were found to hold a better forecast. ( 30 ) In the present work, impairment of nephritic map during the follow up period was more important in presence of high blood pressure, nephritic damage, and macroscopic haematuria at clip of biopsy whereas, the showing degree of albuminuria, age, gender, and Hass categorization have a non important consequence on the impairment of kidney maps. In decision, the incidence of IgAN in Kuwait is 9.2 % . A multicenter survey should be conducted to observe the exact incidence. About 18.8 % of instances deteriorate their nephritic maps during the survey period but a longer follow up is needed. How to cite Iga Nephropathy In Kuwait Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Beowulf Summary free essay sample

The use of litote in the poem of Beowulf is both intentional and ironic. When Beowulf describes himself fighting with the monster while swimming, he calls the scene to be a â€Å"small pleasure. † This fighting is certainly a scene of great violence, but by the description from Beowulf, readers could obtain the irony in the text. Epithet – an adjective phrase that is usually placed adjacent to the noun it is referring to * Ex) In the poem of Beowulf, the author frequently uses epithet to describe what kind of person each character is. For example, it is once mentioned in the poem â€Å"Beowulf, the son of Edgetho. † This describes Beowulf to be the son of Edgetho. Frequent use of this literary device allows the poem to avoid wordiness since the description phrases are not in a separate sentence. Kenning – A figurative that is used instead of a noun. * Ex) A kenning is usually used as some sort of metaphor in the poem of Beowulf. For example, the sea is said to be the â€Å"Whale’s road† in some part of the poem. The use of kenning made the author to avoid redundancy but at the same time to emphasize certain ideas. This moreover helped the author by allowing him to remember the stories he have written. Allusion – a reference, especially a covert or indirect one * Ex) Allusions are used mostly in the poem to refer to Biblical aspects. It is commonly said that the poem was written when Christianity first came into being. Hence, Christianity was taught throughout the society. The poem acts to teach pagans through biblical allusions within the poem. (Grendel is referred to Cain while the fight of Beowulf and Grendel’s mother is situated as the story of Dacid and Goliath. Alliteration – repetition of the first syllables in several series of words. * Ex) Alliteration is something that could be found very commonly within the poem of Beowulf. Yet, it is easier to find when the poem is read in their original text. This is because the authors wrote in another language than English which made translations have less alliteration. The main use of alliteration was that it helped the poets easier to understand what they have written previously. Moreover, it helped the readers easier to memorize the poem. Juxtaposition – a device that helps the author convey to the readers concealed meanings by placing wo events together * This device helped the readers to think about why the author actually put the events together which also helped them to critically consider the whole poem. Moreover, when the readers were allowed to interpret the intention of the poet, they were able to learn some kind of discipline through the poet’s juxtaposition of two events. For instance, the author mentions the treasury owned by the Germanic warriors. Yet, the author continues with the burial of Shild which makes the readers interpret that wealth did not matter after death. Caesura – a pause * Ex) Caesuras are used for two purposes. The first ‘purpose’ is because of the verse format Beowulf was written in. The second purpose is to make the poem more realistic to people. The caesuras represent the blanks when normal people pause in their ordinary speech. These signs of pauses show how the people of the time spoke and also made the poem more familiar to the readers. Appositive – noun phrase that follows another noun to rename or describe it. * Appositive is mainly used in the poem to shun redundancy. For instance, when the narrator refers to Beowulf as ‘Beowulf’ all the time, the poem would have the aspects of being redundant and make the readers lose interest. Hence, the author switched around the noun phrases that definitely means ‘Beowulf’ to use instead of Beowulf. This helped the overall fluency of the poem. Metaphor/simile – comparing two objects. * The difference between a metaphor and a simile is that one compares with the words ‘as’ and ‘like’ while the other does not. Yet, they are very similar in the way that they are both comparative devices. The author of the poem uses these comparative devices in order ‘draw’ the picture of the poem. For example, the poem notes that â€Å"the ship foamed through the sea like a bird†. In this quote, we know that the ship foamed. However, many people have a hard time to imagine how a ship could foam. Therefore, the author compares the ship with a bird so that people could draw the picture in their mind how the ship foamed. Irony Situational irony: when the result of a situation is opposite to what is actually expected * Dramatic Irony: when the audience knows while the characters does not. Verbal Irony: when the words said are actually opposite of what is said. * We could see several situational ironies within this novel. First is when Beowulf gets the legendary sword from Unferth. Readers expect that the weapon is a necessary tool in killing Grendel’s mother. Yet, it turns out to be useless. Another example is when Beowulf fights with the dragon. Readers expect Beowulf to win the dragon but the poem ends up by having both the dragon and Beowulf dead. Symbol – something that represents complex ideas * Symbols are used in order to teach the readers about certain ideas through a situation that matches the context. This symbol could whether teach the readers or tell another idea that the readers should consider throughout the literature. For instance, the party after Beowulf kills Grendel shows the coming-back of happiness in Dane. This allows the readers to be aware that the Dane was not of a happy place before the coming of Beowulf. Character List Beowulf Beowulf is the protagonist of the whole literature. Beowulf is portrayed as a hero to the people of the Dane because he killed Grendel, Grendel’s mother and the dragon. Each fight was hard and well-fought, both by Beowulf and the enemies. Yet, all the battles results in victory of Beowulf. He is both shown as a powerful leader when he killed the monsters and as a wise leader when he reigns as the king. However, in the end, he ends up dying to the dragon after he killed the dragon. Hrothgar King Hrothgar is the king of the Danes. He acts as a role model for Beowulf of a kind of king Beowulf wants to be in the future. Yet, it is clearly seen that he considers and emphasizes different kind of leadership with Beowulf. Moreover, his reputation as a king is debunked by the existence of Grendel. However, he had great success in his military achievements and fine control of the whole society before this instance. Still, he is considered an able, wise and aged ruler from his people. Grendel Grendel is the primary antagonist of the poem. The poem has a total of three antagonists and Grendel comes into story the first. Grendel is characterized as violent and destructive. He is a demon who does not have any sort of kindness. He was the major cause of the fear within the Danish people and the fall of King Hrothgar. Grendel is furthermore portrayed as the descendant of Cain because of their common nature of murdering people. Cain was the biblical figure to first murder a person while Grendel terrorized and killed the people of Dane. Grendel’s mother Grendel’s mother is the secondary antagonist of the poem. This means that she comes right after the death of Grendel. Many people characterize Grendel’s mother as something very similar with Grendel: violent and destructive. Yet, in some point of view, this is not true; we could also see motherhood just by the example of Grendel’s mother. Grendel’s mother coming into the story was because she wanted to take revenge on the people who killed her son. We could see that mothers do anything for their children even sacrificing their very own life (eventually loses her life taking revenge to Beowulf). The Dragon The dragon in the story is the tertiary and the final antagonist. The dragon comes after the death of Grendel’s mother. The dragon is characterized by the most fearful characteristics; fire-breathing and no differentiation of what is good and bad. Besides, the dragon is said to protect treasures in its mound. However, someone accidentally went into the dragon’s womb, waking and irritating the dragon. The dragon gets mad by the interruption and tries to destroy the whole city. It eventually is killed by Beowulf but Beowulf also dies because of the fight with the dragon. Vocabulary list Wassail – a festival with drinking of healths Sever – to separate Thanes – a member of aristocratic class Herald – a royal messenger Wanton – done, show, used Gable – a portion of the front side of building Brandish – to shake or wave Fiendish – cruel or wicked Bairn – children Flecked – small bit Slumber – to sleep Strove strive Fretted – ornamented with frets Wiles – a trick Hewing – to strike Betimes – soon future Valor boldness Laden burdened Stout – bulky in figure Wit – speech to express certain perspective Slew slay Reflection: The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is one of the most renowned novels for its scholarly ideas and disciplinary themes. However, this novel I think was special not just because of its plot; rather the writing style or the actual meaning the novel gives further contribute to the overall success of the novel. I thought that the plot itself was rather ‘common’ and had a sense of some kind of tragedy. This did not interest me at all, but it was actually the compositions within the novel that held my attention. If it was not of the combination of the plot of the novel and the composition of the novel, the book would be just a piece of â€Å"book† that does not give the vast impact it gives now. The overall genre of this novel is a romance tragedy. This novel talks about a rich man who loves another woman who already has a husband. The main character is somehow mixed within this instance and is responsible to help out the relationship. The novel starts out by portraying Gatsby as a mysterious being who threw party everyday night. Then Gatsby gets closer to the narrator, Nick, and makes a fine relation with him. However, the actual reason of this relation was to get a relationship with Daisy, who Gatsby loved. Despite the fact that Daisy already had a husband, Gatsby still does not give up. It later turns out that Tom, Daisy’s husband has another lover, Myrtle. Then Daisy strikes Myrtle with Gatsby’s car accidentally but Gatsby wishes to take the blame. However, when George, Myrtle’s husband, finds about this, he shoots Gatsby to death. In Gatsby’s funeral, regardless of all the parties he threw, nobody came to his funeral. I think the overall tone of the narrative of the novel is both ironic and cynical. For example, we could see from Chapter 1 when Nick hangs out with Jordan and Buchanan. In here Daisy complements Nick that he is like a nose. However the reply from Nick to this statement was: â€Å"This was untrue. I am not even faintly like a rose. She was only extemporizing, but a stirring warmth flowed from her, as if her heart was trying to come out to you concealed in one of those breathless, thrilling words. Then suddenly she threw her napkin on the table and excused herself and went into the house. † Nick knows the absurdity of some social conventions. Moreover, he also knows the affectation of the aristocrats which are somewhat meaningless to him. This point of view towards the upper class people proves that he has a cynical perspective towards people. This perspective he possessed also created a cynical tone in the narration of the novel. In addition to the perspective developing to the overall tone of the story, the tone of the novel also piles up to make the mood within the story. For instance, he forms an impression of Tom with his choice of words—hard, supercilious, arrogant, cruel. There is no mistaking Buchanan for some gentle giant. This hard tone of this being foreshadows some bad thing happening in the later novel. I think the overall theme of the novel the Great Gatsby does not fit into one such theme; it covers many themes from class to lies. If we just look at the plot of the story we could know that Gatsby basically ‘deceived’ Nick to get a closer relation with Daisy. Moreover, he deceived himself to get closer to Daisy by throwing parties at his place. However, these indirect actions of Gatsby made Gatsby to be alone when it was close to his death; nobody came to his funeral. Besides the plot of the novel, if we consider the period when the novel was written, we could see that it had further themes to cover up. Economically, the world was greatly enhanced by events like Industrial Revolution. Hence, prosperity was common. Yet, corruption was also very prevalent. Therefore, Fitzgerald considered these issues in writing the novel.